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                          COMMAND                       

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  umask

 SYNTAX

       umask  [ ### ]

 FUNCTION

       umask sets the file creation mode mask.  The

       three octal digits refer to read/write/execute

       permissions for owner/group/others respectively.

       The value of each specified digit is subtracted

       from the corresponding "digit" specified by the

       system for the creation of the file when using a 

       system call creat().

       The action of umask is the inverse of the 

       command chmod!

       If umask equals 022, files created

       with mode 766, become mode 744.

       A umask of 015 removes the

       execute permission from group and

       others, so that files created with

       mode 755 become mode 740.

 Let's determine our default file protection mask

 by typing umask at the prompt!

 $PROMPT$

 That is correct!

 You've got it on the 2nd try.

 Good, you understand the concept.

 Please type umask

 Please type umask

 You will be helped this time!

 $PROMPT$

FORGET1

 umask                                

 Observe the result on the terminal!

 022

 $PROMPT$

 Now let's change our mask to 033,

 that is, remove write and execute permission

 from group and others.

 $PROMPT$

 That is correct!

 You've got it on the 2nd try.

 Good, you understand the concept.

 Please type umask 033

 Please type umask 033

 You will be helped this time!

 $PROMPT$

FORGET2

 umask 033                             

 Observe the result on the terminal!

 $PROMPT$

 Now let us verify the new umask setting

 by typing umask at the prompt above!

 $PROMPT$

 That is correct!

 You've got it on the 2nd try.

 Good, you understand the concept.

 Please type umask

 Please type umask

 You will be helped this time!

 $PROMPT$

FORGET3

 umask                                 

 Observe the result on the terminal!

 033

 $PROMPT$