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                       SOLUTION                       

GO

  Let's look at this example together.

  Step 1 is to establish a clear goal.

  The goal is to determine the number of characters

         and the  number of lines in the standard input.

  We will use two facilities of the macro preprocessor

  which will be discussed in detail in Lesson 5:

  #define, for defining constants and 

  #include, for including a file.  

  To calculate the number of characters and the number of 

  lines in the current line, we create the three variables: 

  nc, nl and i all of which should be which data type?

 Answer here:  

 That is correct!

 You've got it on the 2nd try.

 You've got it finally!

 Which type represents whole numbers?

 Please try again.

 Please review Topic 1:  Types of Control Constructs

FORGET1

 The correct choice is  int .

 Using this and the macro preprocessor information,

 the skeleton for the solution takes above form:

    #define        LIMIT     80  /* line length */

    #include   <stdio.h>

    main()

    {

        int c;                    /* character buffer */

        int nc, nl, i             /* counters */

              :

              :

              :

    }

  A character buffer is defined as int c 

  and the function getchar() reads the next

  character from the standard input.  The 

  line is delimited by '\n', EOF or a maximum 

  number of characters which we will call LIMIT.  

  The statement which will read a line of input 

  based on these stipulations is:

  a   for (i=0;(c= getchar() != EOF || c != '\n'

          && c == LIMIT); i++)

  b   i = 0;

      while (( c = getchar()) != '\n' && c != EOF && i++ < LIMIT)

  c   do { c = getchar(); i++;

      } while ( c != '\n' && c != EOF || i < LIMIT );

 Select one:   

 That is correct!

 You've got it on the 2nd try.

 You've got it finally!

 Think about the boundary conditions.

 There are only AND's; no OR's.

 Please study the logic in the above statements.

FORGET2

 The correct choice is  b !  Choice  a  has poor logic,

choice  c  is very close, however, the || should be changed to && .

  The character counter nc should be

  incremented for each character read, 

  except for the character ___?

 Answer here:  

 That is correct!

 You've got it on the 2nd try.

 You've got it finally!

 Sorry, try again.

 The name is 3 characters long.

 The End of File character is not counted in the file size.

FORGET3

   The correct answer is  EOF .

  If do { ... } while ( ... ); is the main

  control loop for the process, the condition 

  INSIDE the while ( ... ) stating that c 

  does not equal EOF is written as:

 Answer here:  

 That is correct!

 You've got it on the 2nd try.

 You've got it finally!

 Sorry, try again.

 No, the answer is an expression: c != ___

 Please think about EOF.

FORGET4

 The correct choice is  c != EOF .

 When we piece together all the parts we discussed so far,

 the main control sequence becomes as listed above:

  do { i = 0;

      while (( c = getchar()) != '\n' &&

                 c != EOF && ++i < LIMIT)

          nc += 1;         /* increment char. counter */

      if ( c != EOF)

          nc += 1;         /* new line also a character */

      nl++;                /* increment the line counter */

   } while ( c != EOF);    /* as long as not EOF */