LNEXT
ONELCLEAN
BOTCLEAN
UTERMINAL
TERMINAL
NEXT
$V1$
HILINE
PAUSE
q to quit, <CR> to continue
<<< FIRST DIRECTORY TREE >>>
DIR1TREE
A hypothetical
UNIX directory tree, /
note the highlighted |
directories. ---------------------------
/ | | \
tmp bin usr lib
|
--------------
/ | \
spool lib bin
/ | \
/ | \
mail lp uucppublic
<<< SECOND DIRECTORY TREE >>>
DIR2TREE
The directory tree represented by the du command.
cti
|
|
---------------------------
/ | | \
/ | | \
startup usr2 usr admin
|
|
xenix
GO
Despite the fact that the capacity of on-line storage devices has expanded,
the human need for disk space has expanded even faster, resulting
in a system which has run out of storage space, and a message like:
out of space on /dev/rdisk.
One solution to the problem is to add another or a bigger hard disk
to your system; however, an easier solution is to remove many useless
files which "hog" precious disk space.
On small systems, or systems with only a few users, it is much easier
to find the culprit files. On larger systems, the task is much more
complicated. As a system administrator, you could send a message to
all users asking them to delete unnecessary files.
Please enter the command that will
allow you to write a message to all
users.
$PROMPT$
That is correct!
You've got it on the 2nd try.
Good, you understand the concept.
Please type wall
Please type wall
You will be helped this time!
$PROMPT$
FORGET1
Please observe the result:
wall
Now please type the message itself:
Please delete unnecessary files
followed by <CR>.
That is correct!
You've got it on the 2nd try.
Good, you understand the concept.
Please type
Please delete unnecessary files
Please type
Please delete unnecessary files
You will be helped this time!
FORGET3
Please observe the result:
Please delete useless files
To terminate a wall message you have
to enter <CONTROL-d>. Please do
so now:
That is correct!
You've got it on the 2nd try.
Good, you understand the concept.
Please type <CONTROL-d>
Please type <CONTROL-d>
You will be helped this time!
$PROMPT$
FORGET2
Please observe the result:
Broadcast Message from root
Please delete useless files
Sometimes, you may not have the
luxury of waiting for several users
to clean up their directories, so
you have to do some fast cleaning
on your own.
The directories you should start with are /tmp and /usr/spool/uucppublic!
/tmp is the temporary storage area for compilers and several
other programs. You should check how old these files are, and
selectively delete those that are no longer needed!
/usr/spool/uucppublic is the uucp public storage area.
Several large files are often sitting in this directory because users
copied the necessary files, leaving the original copy. If you are
certain that some files are there unnecessarily, delete them!
Another way to look for large unnecessary files is with the du
command. This command will list the size of all the directories below
the one you specify to start with. The default starting directory is
the HOME directory.
Please type du to
see a typical result!
$PROMPT$
That is correct!
You've got it on the 2nd try.
Good, you understand the concept.
Please enter du
Please enter du
You will be helped this time!
FORGET4
du
Observe the result on the terminal!
268 /startup
570 /user/xenix
700 /user
1296 /admin
3054 ..
Based on the results produced by du
you can see that some directories
are much larger than they should be;
therefore, you should delete all
unnecessary files in them.
If you cannot delete enough files for adequate work space, your next
option is archiving, i.e., backing up the files which are not used
often onto a tape or other removable media and restoring them when
needed. Such a situation is often an indication of the need for
larger disk space.